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Unit

Unit 1: Foundation of American Self-Government

Guiding question

How does the structure of government influence the process of lawmaking and reflect the will of the people?

Published
Nov 5, 2024
Close-up of a handwritten section of the Declaration of Independence, highlighting the phrase "We hold these truths to be self-evident."

Guiding Question: 

  • How and why was the United States government formed?

Objectives:

  • Students will examine the nature of Founding principles as fundamental truths that emerge from an understanding of human nature. 
  • Students will evaluate how individual actions and choices are an important part of self-governance and leads to the health of society as a whole. 
  • Students will explore the natural rights foundation that informed the debates at the Constitutional Convention. 
  • Students will examine the historical context for the Constitutional Convention and the major debates and decisions that emerged from the Convention. 
  • Students will evaluate whether or not the Constitution was enough to protect natural rights. 

Teacher resource

Unit 1: Foundation of American Self-Government Inquiry Organizer

How and why was the United States government formed?

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Lessons

Graphic featuring two overlapping ribbons with the text "Civic Virtues" in white letters on a dark blue background.
What are Civic Virtues?
  • 2 Activities
  • 90 min

How do civic virtues ensure a healthy civil society and constitutional republic?

People in a seminar raising their hands while a speaker presents in the background.
Creating a Classroom Constitution

What role does a constitution play in establishing a framework for governing a community, and how does it protect the rights and responsibilities of its members?

Text of the Declaration of Independence, dated July 4, 1776, with a decorative blue swirl.
Locke and the Declaration of Independence
  • 2 Activities
  • 1 Essay

How did John Locke’s ideas influence the Founding principles in the Declaration of Independence?

Sketch of Independence Hall
Articles of Confederation
  • 2 Activities

How did the Articles of Confederation limit the effectiveness of the new government?  

Close-up of handwritten historical text with intricate cursive, detailing governance and public education.
Point Counterpoint: Federalists v. Anti-Federalists Claims
  • 1 Activity
  • 2 Essays

Were the Federalists or Anti-Federalists more convincing?

Black and white image of skyscrapers with a blue and orange abstract line, viewed from the ground looking up.
Regime Game Lesson

How do different political and economic systems shape the way societies make decisions and distribute power?

Unit resources

A table comparing civic virtues and vices, listing attributes like courage, honesty, and responsibility alongside their negative counterparts.
ActivityPrinciples and Civic Virtue Touchstone

An interactive that helps students explore Founding Principles and Civic Virtues.

A laptop displaying a message about early band practice and an illustration of a school building.
ActivityPrinciples and Virtue Interactive Game

An interactive, device-based game that helps students explore how they can display Founding Principles and Civic Virtues in their everyday lives.

Graphic organizer showing philosophical influences on the Founders, featuring key figures and concepts in four sections.
ActivityGraphic Organizer Philosophical Influences on the Founders

An activity to help students explore the words of John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu.

Table displaying text and annotations on the philosophical influences of the Founders.
ActivityPrimary Sources: John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu

Excerpts of John Locke's "Two Treatises on Government" and Baron de Montesquieu's "On the Spirit of the Laws " and Comprehension Questions.

Table displaying text and annotations on the philosophical influences of the Founders.
ActivityScaffolded Primary Sources: John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu

Scaffolded excerpts of The English Bill of Rights, John Locke's "Two Treatises on Government", and Baron de Montesquieu's "On the Spirit of the Laws ".

Text from the Declaration of Independence with vocabulary definitions and personal paraphrasing.
ActivityAnnotated Declaration of Independence

Activity to understand and explain the purpose of the Declaration of Independence.

Comparison table of powers granted to Congress in the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution.
ActivityThe Articles of Confederation vs. U.S. Constitution

An activity that explores the differences between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution.

The image shows a document with two columns comparing original text and a paraphrase of Articles II and V.
ActivityThe Articles of Confederation vs. U.S. Constitution Scaffolded

An activity that explores the differences between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution.

Illustration of the Maryland State House with a description of the Annapolis Convention in September 1786.
ActivityTimeline Examination of the Constitutional Convention

An interactive that helps students explore the timeline of the Constitutional Convention.

A timeline detailing crises between 1781-1787 under the Articles of Confederation and its governance issues.
ActivityTimeline of Crises Between 1781-1787: Articles of Confederation

An interactive that helps students explore the timeline of events between the years 1781-1787 under the Articles of Confederation.

Text from an historical document discussing governance, factions, and civil rights for citizens.
ActivityFederalist 10

Why did the Framers believe a large republic would create a stable and lasting government that protected against the violence of faction?

Text from a historical document discussing the advantages of a well-constructed Union and the nature of faction.
ActivityFederalist 10 Scaffolded

Why did the Framers believe a large republic would create a stable and lasting government that protected against the violence of faction?

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